Whois & Analysis for certipedia.com

TÜVs (short for) are German businesses that certify the safety and rule-compliance of products of all kinds.

As independent consultants, they examine factory plants, motor vehicles, energy installations, amusement rides, devices and products (e.g. consumer goods) which are subject to mandatory monitoring.

Subsidiaries of the TÜVs can also act as project developers for energy and traffic concepts, and as problem solvers in environmental protection, which can represent a conflict of interest with the TÜVs' role as certification bodies.

Many of the TÜV organizations also provide certification for various international standards, such as ISO9001:2008 (quality management system) and ISO/TS16949 (automotive quality management system).

In sales, commerce and economics, a customer (sometimes known as a , buyer, or purchaser) is the recipient of a good, service, product or an idea - obtained from a seller, vendor, or supplier via a financial transaction or exchange for money or some other valuable consideration.

An ultimate etymology of "client" may imply someone merely to do business, whereas a purchaser procures goods or services on occasion but a customer customarily or habitually engages in transactions (historically: the collection of tolls or taxes - see ).

Such distinctions have no contemporary semantic weight.

In economics, a service is a transaction in which no physical goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer.

The benefits of such a service are held to be demonstrated by the buyer's willingness to make the exchange.

Public services are those that society (nation state, fiscal union, region) as a whole pays for.

Using resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience, service providers benefit service consumers.

A consumer is a person or organization that uses economic services or commodities.

In economic systems consumers are utilities expressed in the decision to trade or not.

In marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a want or need.

In retailing, products are called merchandise.

In manufacturing, products are bought as raw materials and sold as finished goods.

A service is another common product type.