Whois & Analysis for familytreedna.com

Family Tree DNA is a division of Gene by Gene, a commercial genetic testing company based in Houston, Texas.

Family Tree DNA offers analysis of autosomal DNA, Y-DNA, and mitochondrial DNA to individuals for genealogical purpose.

It is the most popular company worldwide for Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA, and the third most popular for autosomal DNA.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts.

The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes (allosomes) in mammals, including humans, and many other animals.

The other is the X chromosome.

Y is the sex-determining chromosome in many species, since it is the presence or absence of Y that determines the male or female sex of offspring produced in sexual reproduction.

In mammals, the Y chromosome contains the gene SRY, which triggers testis development.

The DNA in the human Y chromosome is composed of about 59 million base pairs.

The Y chromosome is passed only from father to son.

With a 30% difference between humans and chimpanzees, the Y chromosome is one of the fastest-evolving parts of the human genome.

To date, over 200 Y-linked genes have been identified.

All Y-linked genes are expressed and (apart from duplicated genes) hemizygous (present on only one chromosome) except in the cases of aneuploidy such as XYY syndrome or XXYY syndrome.

(See Y linkage).

An autosome is a chromosome that is not an allosome (a sex chromosome).

Autosomes appear in pairs whose members have the same form but differ from other pairs in a diploid cell, whereas members of an allosome pair may differ from one another and thereby determine sex.

The DNA in autosomes is collectively known as atDNA or auDNA.

Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, allows the determination of bloodlines and the genetic diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited diseases.

In agriculture, a form of genetic testing known as progeny testing can be used to evaluate the quality of breeding stock.

In population ecology, genetic testing can be used to track genetic strengths and vulnerabilities of species populations.