Whois & Analysis for ivhp.com

Medicare Part D, also called the Medicare prescription drug benefit, is a United States federal-government program to subsidize the costs of prescription drugs and prescription drug insurance premiums for Medicare beneficiaries.

It was enacted as part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (which also made changes to the public Part C Medicare health plan program) and went into effect on January 1, 2006.

In the United States a health maintenance organization (HMO) is a medical insurance group that provides health services for a fixed annual fee.

It is an organization that provides or arranges managed care for health insurance, self-funded health care benefit plans, individuals, and other entities in the United States, acting as a liaison with health care providers (hospitals, doctors, etc) on a prepaid basis.

The Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 required employers with 25 or more employees to offer federally certified HMO options if the employer offers traditional healthcare options.

Unlike traditional indemnity insurance, an HMO covers care rendered by those doctors and other professionals who have agreed by contract to treat patients in accordance with the HMO's guidelines and restrictions in exchange for a steady stream of customers.

HMOs cover emergency care regardless of the health care provider's contracted status.

Medicare Advantage is a type of United States health insurance program within Part C of Medicare.

Medicare Advantage plans provide a managed health care plan (typically a health maintenance organization (HMO) but also often a preferred provider organization (PPO) or another type of managed care arrangement) that is paid based on a monthly capitated fee.

This Part of Medicare provides beneficiaries an alternative to "Original Medicare" Parts A and B Medicare, which provides insurance for the same medical services but pays providers a fee for service (FFS) directly rather than through managed care plans.

However a Medicare Advantage beneficiary must first sign up for both Parts A and B of Medicare.

All three of these Parts of Medicare -- A, B and C -- are administered by private insurance companies (often the same insurance companies).

Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of unverified mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.

Proponents believe that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.

The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.

Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and "innate intelligence".

A copayment or copay is a fixed amount for a covered service, paid by a patient to the insurance company before patient receives service from physician.

In the United States, copayment is a payment defined in an insurance policy and paid by an insured person each time a medical service is accessed.

It is technically a form of coinsurance, but is defined differently in health insurance where a coinsurance is a percentage payment after the deductible up to a certain limit.

It must be paid before any policy benefit is payable by an insurance company.

Copayments do not usually contribute towards any policy out-of-pocket maxima whereas coinsurance payments do.