Whois & Analysis for towerdata.com

Email authentication, or validation, is a collection of techniques aimed at equipping messages of the email transport system with verifiable information about their origin.

It is a coarse-grained authentication, usually at Administrative Management Domain (ADMD).

Data (or) is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables.

An example of qualitative data would be an anthropologist's handwritten notes about his or her interviews with people of an Indigenous tribe.

Pieces of data are individual pieces of information.

While the concept of data is commonly associated with scientific research, data is collected by a huge range of organizations and institutions, including businesses (e.g., sales data, revenue, profits, stock price), governments (e.g., crime rates, unemployment rates, literacy rates) and non-governmental organizations (e.g., censuses of the number of homeless people by non-profit organizations).

In mathematics, computer science and operations research, mathematical optimization, also spelled mathematical optimisation (alternatively named mathematical programming or simply optimization or optimisation), is the selection of a best element (with regard to some criterion) from some set of available alternatives.

Personally identifiable information (PII), or sensitive personal information (SPI), as used in information security and privacy laws, is information that can be used on its own or with other information to identify, contact, or locate a single person, or to identify an individual in context.

The abbreviation PII is widely accepted in the U.S. context, but the phrase it abbreviates has four common variants based on personal / personally, and identifiable / identifying.

Not all are equivalent, and for legal purposes the effective definitions vary depending on the jurisdiction and the purposes for which the term is being used.

(In other countries with privacy protection laws derived from the OECD privacy principles, the term used is more often "personal information", which may be somewhat broader: in Australia's Privacy Act 1988 (Cth) "personal information" also includes information from which the person's identity is "reasonably ascertainable", potentially covering some information not covered by PII).

In economics, a service is a transaction in which no physical goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer.

The benefits of such a service are held to be demonstrated by the buyer's willingness to make the exchange.

Public services are those that society (nation state, fiscal union, region) as a whole pays for.

Using resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience, service providers benefit service consumers.